Expert Reviewed By: Dr. Brandon Colby MD
Understanding Ductal Breast Carcinoma
Ductal breast carcinoma, also known as invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), is the most common type of breast cancer, accounting for approximately 80% of all breast cancer cases. It begins in the milk ducts of the breast and can spread to other parts of the breast tissue and potentially to other areas of the body. Understanding the risk factors, symptoms, and diagnostic methods for ductal breast carcinoma is crucial for early detection and effective treatment.
Recognizing the Risk Factors and Symptoms
Various factors can increase the risk of developing ductal breast carcinoma, including genetic and non-genetic factors. Some of the risk factors associated with this type of cancer include exposure to female hormones, early menarche, late menopause, and late age at first birth (source). Additionally, certain genetic mutations, such as the CDH1 gene, have been identified as susceptibility factors for invasive lobular carcinoma, a subtype of ductal breast carcinoma (source).
Common symptoms of ductal breast carcinoma include a lump or thickening in the breast, changes in the size or shape of the breast, nipple discharge, and changes in the skin surrounding the breast, such as dimpling or redness. It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional if any of these symptoms are observed.
Diagnosing Ductal Breast Carcinoma
Early detection of ductal breast carcinoma is crucial for successful treatment and improved prognosis. Diagnostic methods for this type of cancer include mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and determine the cancer's stage and grade.
Genetic Testing for Ductal Breast Carcinoma
Genetic testing can play a significant role in understanding, diagnosing, and managing ductal breast carcinoma. In particular, it can help identify individuals at higher risk for developing the disease and guide treatment decisions for those already diagnosed.
Identifying Genetic Risk Factors
Genetic testing can help identify individuals with specific gene mutations, such as the CDH1 gene, which increases the risk of developing invasive lobular carcinoma, a subtype of ductal breast carcinoma (source). By understanding their genetic risk, individuals can take preventive measures, such as increased surveillance or prophylactic surgery, to reduce their risk of developing cancer.
Prognostic Value of Chromosome 1 and 8 Copy Number
Genetic testing can also provide valuable prognostic information for individuals diagnosed with ductal breast carcinoma. For example, research has shown that chromosome 1 and 8 copy numbers may be useful prognostic markers in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (source). This information can help guide treatment decisions and inform patients about their potential outcomes.
Understanding the Genetic Relation of Preinvasive Lesions
Genetic testing can also shed light on the genetic relation between preinvasive lesions, such as lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive breast cancer. Research has shown that invasive breast cancer is a disease with multiple cytogenetic subclones already present in preinvasive lesions (source). This information can help guide treatment decisions and improve our understanding of the disease's progression.
Conclusion
Understanding, diagnosing, and utilizing genetic testing for ductal breast carcinoma is essential for early detection, effective treatment, and improved outcomes. By identifying genetic risk factors, providing prognostic information, and understanding the genetic relation of preinvasive lesions, genetic testing can play a significant role in managing this prevalent form of breast cancer.
About The Expert Reviewer
Dr. Brandon Colby MD is a US physician specializing in the personalized prevention of disease through the use of genomic technologies. He’s an expert in genetic testing, genetic analysis, and precision medicine. Dr. Colby is also the Founder of and the author of Outsmart Your Genes.
Dr. Colby holds an MD from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, an MBA from Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business, and a degree in Genetics with Honors from the University of Michigan. He is an Affiliate Specialist of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), an Associate of the American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM), and a member of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC)