
Skin/Hair/Eye Pigmentation 3: Blue/Green Eyes and Testing
Blue or green eye color reflects genetic variation in pigmentation, and DNA analysis can identify the factors involved to support management and counseling.

MD · MBA
Physician specializing in genetic analysis and personalized preventive medicine, and author of Outsmart Your Genes.
Brandon Colby is a physician-expert in the fields of genetic analysis and Personalized Preventive Medicine. He holds an MD from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, an MBA from Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, and a degree in Genetics from the University of Michigan.
Dr. Colby is the author of the book Outsmart Your Genes and has developed numerous technologies that improve the analysis, interpretation, and actionability of genome sequencing data. He is an Affiliate Specialist of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), an Associate of the American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM), and a member of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).
Articles by Brandon Colby, MD are reviewed for accuracy by Sequencing's medical and scientific team. This page is for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Blue or green eye color reflects genetic variation in pigmentation, and DNA analysis can identify the factors involved to support management and counseling.

Genome-wide studies of extreme phenotypes look for loci such as SmQTL3 that may influence smoking behavior and susceptibility to cardiovascular disease.

Cited QTL mapping work in rats, mice and cotton frames SSQTL1 as a complex trait, with testing proposed for diagnosis, risk assessment and family planning.

Discover the role of genetic testing in diagnosing Three Vessel Coronary Disease (3VD) and personalizing treatment plans to improve heart health and long-term outcomes.

Platelet overproduction in the bone marrow raises clotting and bleeding risk; somatic changes in JAK2, CALR and MPL are the mutations most often found in this disorder.

Changes in the MITF gene affect melanocytes and the inner ear, producing pale skin, white hair and profound hearing loss. Testing benefits and limits are set out.

Hearing loss, vision impairment and balance problems define this rare disorder; USH2A, ARSG and GPR98 variants are tied to types IIA, IV and IIC.

Combined hearing and vision loss in type IIC traces to mutations in both GPR98 and PDZD7, confirmed with hearing tests, electroretinography and DNA analysis.