Variants in DNM1L, ATP5A1, VARS2 and SLC19A3 have been reported in this group of rare neurological disorders, and SLC19A3 defects may respond to thiamine supplementation.
Ketone transport falters when SLC16A1 is altered, and brain imaging may show white matter changes, cerebellar atrophy or brainstem hypoplasia in MCT1 deficiency.
Inheriting two altered copies of SLC16A1 limits the brain's use of ketone bodies, with developmental delay, seizures and ketoacidosis among the reported features.
Slower than expected crawling, walking and hand-eye coordination can have genetic roots; 1q21.1 microduplication and SRRM2 variants are among the findings reviewed.
Myosin-9 altered by MYH9 mutations leads to large platelets in low numbers, kidney disease and hearing loss, inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
Discover late-onset mitochondrial myopathy, its diagnosis process, and the crucial role of genetic testing in managing this rare genetic muscle disorder.
Mutations in TYMP reduce thymidine phosphorylase, leading to gut dysmotility, peripheral neuropathy and ophthalmoplegia in this autosomal recessive disorder.
CYP2A6 turns nicotine into cotinine, and variants that slow that step have been linked to higher quit rates in European ancestry populations.