
Skin/Hair/Eye Pigmentation 2 and the Genes Behind Blond Hair
Blond hair and fair skin arise from variation in the genes that produce melanin, and testing covers diagnosis, severity, carrier status and prenatal options.

MD · MBA
Physician specializing in genetic analysis and personalized preventive medicine, and author of Outsmart Your Genes.
Brandon Colby is a physician-expert in the fields of genetic analysis and Personalized Preventive Medicine. He holds an MD from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, an MBA from Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, and a degree in Genetics from the University of Michigan.
Dr. Colby is the author of the book Outsmart Your Genes and has developed numerous technologies that improve the analysis, interpretation, and actionability of genome sequencing data. He is an Affiliate Specialist of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), an Associate of the American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM), and a member of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).
Articles by Brandon Colby, MD are reviewed for accuracy by Sequencing's medical and scientific team. This page is for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Blond hair and fair skin arise from variation in the genes that produce melanin, and testing covers diagnosis, severity, carrier status and prenatal options.

Melanin differences behind lighter or darker skin are assessed with medical history, physical examination, sometimes a skin biopsy, and DNA analysis for gene mutations.

Smaller-than-average neck vertebrae are associated with cervical spondylosis and persistent axial neck pain, with X-ray, CT or MRI used to confirm the finding.

Nitrates widen blood vessels to ease angina, but some people get little relief; the page explains how genetic testing may flag that risk and where its limits lie.

Unlock the mystery of thecoma with this comprehensive guide on understanding, diagnosing, and utilizing genetic testing for this rare ovarian tumor. Learn about genetic…

A change in the TPM2 gene alters β-tropomyosin and its binding to actin, weakening muscle. Biopsy shows the caps in fibers and sequencing confirms the cause.

Discover the benefits of genetic testing for SUA-QTL2 to diagnose and manage uric acid-related conditions, enabling personalized treatment plans and improved patient outcomes.

The rs121907892 variant in SLC22A12 and impaired ABCG2 transport both affect serum urate, and testing can flag a predisposition to gout and kidney stones.