
Hartsfield-Bixler-Demyer Syndrome: Genetic Diagnosis
Holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly and craniofacial anomalies overlap with other syndromes; DNA analysis separates HBDS and clarifies the inheritance pattern.

MD · MBA
Physician specializing in genetic analysis and personalized preventive medicine, and author of Outsmart Your Genes.
Brandon Colby is a physician-expert in the fields of genetic analysis and Personalized Preventive Medicine. He holds an MD from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, an MBA from Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, and a degree in Genetics from the University of Michigan.
Dr. Colby is the author of the book Outsmart Your Genes and has developed numerous technologies that improve the analysis, interpretation, and actionability of genome sequencing data. He is an Affiliate Specialist of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), an Associate of the American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM), and a member of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).
Articles by Brandon Colby, MD are reviewed for accuracy by Sequencing's medical and scientific team. This page is for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Holoprosencephaly, ectrodactyly and craniofacial anomalies overlap with other syndromes; DNA analysis separates HBDS and clarifies the inheritance pattern.

Fatigue, joint pain and in severe cases organ failure can follow the iron buildup seen with TFR2 mutations; phlebotomy, chelation and relative screening are explained.

Pigment change, atrophy and telangiectasia appear with skin hardening, tendon contractures and lung problems; testing separates HSPTPI from other sclerosing disorders.

Insensitivity to pain, muscular hypotonia and digestive problems mark HSAN7, while cognitive development stays normal. DNA analysis can identify the mutations behind it.

Low COQ7 protein limits coenzyme Q10 supply to mitochondria in HSP57. Testing separates it from similar disorders and opens discussion of coenzyme Q10 supplements.

Walking becomes harder as HSP 61 progresses. A COQ7 variant has been linked to the disorder, and care ranges from physical therapy to medicines and assistive devices.

Signals from the spinal cord to the legs weaken in HSP62, traced to a homozygous COQ7 variant. Testing also supports prenatal diagnosis and preimplantation options.

SPAST helps keep nerve cells structured, and mutations in it are the main cause of HSP63; a study in Bashkortostan identified such a change in autosomal dominant cases.