
Autosomal Recessive Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type 2R1: The Role of Genetic Testing
Carrier parents face a 25% chance per child of passing on LGMDR2R1, which weakens the muscles around the hips and shoulders and is linked to the POPDC3 gene.

MD · MBA
Physician specializing in genetic analysis and personalized preventive medicine, and author of Outsmart Your Genes.
Brandon Colby is a physician-expert in the fields of genetic analysis and Personalized Preventive Medicine. He holds an MD from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, an MBA from Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, and a degree in Genetics from the University of Michigan.
Dr. Colby is the author of the book Outsmart Your Genes and has developed numerous technologies that improve the analysis, interpretation, and actionability of genome sequencing data. He is an Affiliate Specialist of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), an Associate of the American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM), and a member of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).
Articles by Brandon Colby, MD are reviewed for accuracy by Sequencing's medical and scientific team. This page is for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Carrier parents face a 25% chance per child of passing on LGMDR2R1, which weakens the muscles around the hips and shoulders and is linked to the POPDC3 gene.

Two mutated copies of POPDC3 underlie LGMD2Y, whose hip and shoulder weakness testing can confirm while carrier screening traces the mutation through a family.

ATP13A2 mutations disturb lysosomal function and bring on the leg spasticity and weakness of SPG78; testing confirms the diagnosis and clarifies carrier status.

Symptoms of BBS22 vary in kind and in onset, from retinal degeneration to cognitive impairment, so care rests on lifelong monitoring by several specialties.

Blue lesions on the skin and gastrointestinal tract mark Bockenheimer Syndrome, a rare vascular disorder, and genetic testing can point to the mutations behind it.

A homozygous mutation in the Oncostatin M (OSM) gene disrupts blood cell production in bone marrow failure syndrome 3, bringing anemia, infection risk and bleeding.

A CTC1 gene change disrupts telomere maintenance and drives neurological and retinal features of CRMCC2; testing can confirm the diagnosis and inform family planning.

GDAP1 mutations underlie this axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, with both recessive and dominant inheritance reported; testing confirms the diagnosis.