Discover how genetic testing for HLA-A*31:01 and HLA-B*1502 variants can help diagnose carbamazepine hypersensitivity, prevent severe reactions, and improve patient outcomes.
Mutations in CA1, CA2 or CA5A reduce the enzyme activity that keeps acid-base balance; blood markers such as ammonia and DNA analysis together support a diagnosis.
The enzyme helps regulate pH balance, respiration and carbon dioxide transport; sequencing, gene panels and microarrays can identify the variants involved.
Research summarised here ties severe heart muscle disease to Rbm20, MYBPC3 and an X-linked mutation, and sets out how family screening follows a positive result.
Rapid heart muscle failure in young children has been linked to Alström syndrome, ITPase deficiency, Rbm20 and OPA1; targeted, exome and genome sequencing are compared.
Faults in the mitochondria thicken the heart muscle, sometimes with muscle weakness, hearing loss and developmental delay; ACTN2, ACADVL and SDHD are named genes.
Damage to mitochondrial DNA can enlarge and weaken the heart muscle; studies of SOD2, the mtDNA T16189C variant and sarcomere mutations in IDC are summarised.
Whole-exome sequencing, targeted gene panels and mitochondrial DNA testing can each identify the mutation behind mitochondrial cardiomyopathy; cost and access limit use.