
Unlocking the Mystery of Pyridoxine-Nonresponsive Homocystinuria: A Comprehensive Guide
Cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency lets homocysteine accumulate; blood homocysteine and methionine levels plus CBS gene analysis point to the diagnosis.

MD · MBA
Physician specializing in genetic analysis and personalized preventive medicine, and author of Outsmart Your Genes.
Brandon Colby is a physician-expert in the fields of genetic analysis and Personalized Preventive Medicine. He holds an MD from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, an MBA from Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, and a degree in Genetics from the University of Michigan.
Dr. Colby is the author of the book Outsmart Your Genes and has developed numerous technologies that improve the analysis, interpretation, and actionability of genome sequencing data. He is an Affiliate Specialist of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), an Associate of the American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM), and a member of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).
Articles by Brandon Colby, MD are reviewed for accuracy by Sequencing's medical and scientific team. This page is for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency lets homocysteine accumulate; blood homocysteine and methionine levels plus CBS gene analysis point to the diagnosis.

Maternal SDF1 genotype, minor maternal viral genotypes and CCR5 polymorphisms are tied to mother-to-child spread, and testing can flag higher-risk pregnancies.

Viral recombination and Rev- and Tat-specific CTL precursor levels are studied as markers of fast decline in HIV-1, guiding earlier therapy and treatment monitoring.

Too little 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase limits BH4, so phenylalanine accumulates. Symptoms, biochemical testing and PTS gene analysis are explained.

Starting early and worsening in pregnancy, autosomal dominant hypertension carries risks for mother and baby. Inherited factors and genetic testing are examined.

Three KAL1 defects reported in 12 males, a SOX10 deletion with hearing loss and a PTCH1 variant all connect to this Kallmann syndrome form.

A form of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, HH18 brings delayed or absent puberty with loss of smell. Hormone tests, MRI and DNA analysis confirm it.

Sense of smell stays intact in this subtype, so diagnosis rests on hormone levels, brain MRI and gene testing that tells it apart from other forms.