
Breaking Down Benign Familial Hematuria: The Role of Genetic Testing
Blood in the urine from thin basement membrane nephropathy traces to type IV collagen genes, and pinpointing a COL4A4 variant helps separate it from Alport syndrome.

MD · MBA
Physician specializing in genetic analysis and personalized preventive medicine, and author of Outsmart Your Genes.
Brandon Colby is a physician-expert in the fields of genetic analysis and Personalized Preventive Medicine. He holds an MD from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, an MBA from Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, and a degree in Genetics from the University of Michigan.
Dr. Colby is the author of the book Outsmart Your Genes and has developed numerous technologies that improve the analysis, interpretation, and actionability of genome sequencing data. He is an Affiliate Specialist of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), an Associate of the American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM), and a member of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC).
Articles by Brandon Colby, MD are reviewed for accuracy by Sequencing's medical and scientific team. This page is for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice.

Blood in the urine from thin basement membrane nephropathy traces to type IV collagen genes, and pinpointing a COL4A4 variant helps separate it from Alport syndrome.

Intense itching and rising bile acids in the third trimester mark this liver disorder, linked to ABCB4 and ABCB11 variants and treated with ursodeoxycholic acid.

Mutations in the ARID1B gene underlie Coffin-Siris Syndrome 1, which brings developmental delay, intellectual disability, a wide mouth and thick eyebrows.

Restricted eye movement and an abnormal head position from birth mark CFEOM, a form of strabismus that KIF21A, PHOX2A and TUBB3 testing can confirm.

Underdeveloped intestinal microvilli leave newborns unable to absorb nutrients, causing chronic diarrhea; MYO5B and STX3 testing supports diagnosis alongside biopsy.

Cores of damage in muscle fibers cause weakness and fatigue, while external ophthalmoplegia limits eye movement and causes ptosis; SEPN1 and RYR1 testing confirms CMMEO.

Explore the role of genetic testing in diagnosing congenital myopathy with fiber type disproportion, a rare muscle disorder affecting muscle tone and strength.

Endothelial cells that stop clearing fluid leave the cornea swollen and vision blurred; in FECD, TCF4 mutations can be found before symptoms start.